Energy supply depends on the means of transport to the consumer. Cables and pipelines are necessary to transport oil, gas, and electricity. Their construction and use depend on developments in technology, policies, and laws. This book analyzes the challenges confronting governments, regulators, and network operators in managing energy networks.

Networks like cables and pipelines are essential for a functioning energy market. This book provides a clear and insightful overview of the legal challenges this poses in the modern world. The construction and use of these networks depends on developments in technology, policies, and legal regulation. Recently, the energy sector has been faced with considerable challenges and changes. Energy liberalisation and deregulation, and the fact that traditional energy supplies like fossil fuels and large hydro plants are increasingly located far from the area of demand has drastically changed the energy landscape. The need for new sources of energy supply can therefore be found all over the world. This book investigates the challenges that face governments engaged in this renewal, particularly since in many cases these networks are, by necessity, international. The construction of new networks always involves the application of planning and environmental laws, and the complications these pose only increase as networks pass through the territory of several different countries. This book analyzes the evolution of this area from several angles, both geographical and legal. The authors combine knowledge and expertise from a variety of sources and backgrounds to present an invaluable overview of the regulatory developments and perspectives that shape the legal frameworks in which governments develop these networks, and the way in which account must be taken of new sources of energy by law-makers.

1. Energy networks and the law : innovative solutions in changing markets Part I. Cross-Border Energy Infrastructure and Supply Security 2. Canadian energy infrastructure and the federalist dilemma 3. Law and regulation governing electricity networks in Mexico in the context of regional integration with North and Central America 4. South American energy network integration : mission possible? 5. The Chad-Cameroon pipeline project : some thoughts about the legal challenges and lessons learned from a World Bank-financed large infrastructure project 6. Contractural and treaty arrangements supporting large European transboundary pipeline projects : can adequate human rights and environmental protection be secured? 7. Protecting energy infrastructure in the EU : the impact of external damages on supply security Part II. New Energy Sources and Innovative Network Management 8. Smart grids and intelligent energy systems : a European perspective 9. Demand response and infrastructure development in the United States 10. Establishing an offshore electricity grid : a legal analysis of grid developments in the North Sea and in US waters 11. The role of energy networks in facilitating the production and use of renewable energy sources in Norway 12. The role of energy networks in developing renewable energy sources in China 13.Economic regulation and the design of a carbon infrastructure for Alberta Part III. Market Liveralization and Challenges for Network Investments and Planning 14. Transportation regulation as an instrument for developing natural gas networks in Brazil 15. Law and regulation for energy networks in New Zealand 16. Electricity network development : new challenges for Australia 17. Evolution and revolution in British energy network regulation : from RPI-X to RIIO 18. Third party access exemption policy in the EU gas and electricity sectors : finding the right balance between competition and investments 19. Electricity and gas infrastructure planning in the European Union 20. Regulating the extension of electricity networks : a German perspective 21. The development of electricity and gas networks in Russia Part IV. Overview and Conclusion 22. The role of networks in changing energy markets and the need for innovative solutions Index