Praise for the Third Edition

"This book provides in-depth coverage of modelling techniques used throughout many branches of actuarial science. . . . The exceptional high standard of this book has made it a pleasure to read." —Annals of Actuarial Science

Newly organized to focus exclusively on material tested in the Society of Actuaries' Exam C and the Casualty Actuarial Society's Exam 4, Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, Fourth Edition continues to supply actuaries with a practical approach to the key concepts and techniques needed on the job. With updated material and extensive examples, the book successfully provides the essential methods for using available data to construct models for the frequency and severity of future adverse outcomes.

The book continues to equip readers with the tools needed for the construction and analysis of mathematical models that describe the process by which funds flow into and out of an insurance system. Focusing on the loss process, the authors explore key quantitative techniques including random variables, basic distributional quantities, and the recursive method, and discuss techniques for classifying and creating distributions. Parametric, non-parametric, and Bayesian estimation methods are thoroughly covered along with advice for choosing an appropriate model.

New features of this Fourth Edition include:

• Expanded discussion of working with large data sets, now including more practical elements of constructing decrement tables
• Added coverage of methods for simulating several special situations
• An updated presentation of Bayesian estimation, outlining conjugate prior distributions and the linear exponential family as well as related computational issues

Throughout the book, numerous examples showcase the real-world applications of the presented concepts, with an emphasis on calculations and spreadsheet implementation. A wealth of new exercises taken from previous Exam C/4 exams allows readers to test their comprehension of the material, and a related FTP site features the book's data sets.

Loss Models, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for students and aspiring actuaries who are preparing to take the SOA and CAS examinations. The book is also a valuable reference for professional actuaries, actuarial students, and anyone who works with loss and risk models.

To explore our additional offerings in actuarial exam preparation visit www.wiley.com/go/c4actuarial .

New feature

Praise for the Third Edition

"This book provides in-depth coverage of modelling techniques used throughout many branches of actuarial science. . . . The exceptional high standard of this book has made it a pleasure to read." —Annals of Actuarial Science

Newly organized to focus exclusively on material tested in the Society of Actuaries' Exam C and the Casualty Actuarial Society's Exam 4, Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, Fourth Edition continues to supply actuaries with a practical approach to the key concepts and techniques needed on the job. With updated material and extensive examples, the book successfully provides the essential methods for using available data to construct models for the frequency and severity of future adverse outcomes.

The book continues to equip readers with the tools needed for the construction and analysis of mathematical models that describe the process by which funds flow into and out of an insurance system. Focusing on the loss process, the authors explore key quantitative techniques including random variables, basic distributional quantities, and the recursive method, and discuss techniques for classifying and creating distributions. Parametric, non-parametric, and Bayesian estimation methods are thoroughly covered along with advice for choosing an appropriate model.

New features of this Fourth Edition include:

• Expanded discussion of working with large data sets, now including more practical elements of constructing decrement tables
• Added coverage of methods for simulating several special situations
• An updated presentation of Bayesian estimation, outlining conjugate prior distributions and the linear exponential family as well as related computational issues

Throughout the book, numerous examples showcase the real-world applications of the presented concepts, with an emphasis on calculations and spreadsheet implementation. A wealth of new exercises taken from previous Exam C/4 exams allows readers to test their comprehension of the material, and a related FTP site features the book's data sets.

Loss Models, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for students and aspiring actuaries who are preparing to take the SOA and CAS examinations. The book is also a valuable reference for professional actuaries, actuarial students, and anyone who works with loss and risk models.

Preface Part Ⅰ Introduction 1 Modeling 2 Randon variables 3 Basic distributional quantities Part Ⅱ Actuarial Models 4 Characteristics of Actuarial Models 5 Continuous models 6 Discrete distribtions 7 Advanced discrete Distributions 8 Frequency and severity with coverage modifications 9 Aggregate loss models Part Ⅲ Construction of Empirical Models 10 Review of mathematical statistics 11 Estimation for complete data 12 Estimation for modidied data Part Ⅳ Parametric Statistical Methods 13 Frequentist estimation 14 Frequentist Estimation for discrete distributions 15 Bayesian estimation 16 Model selection Part Ⅴ credibility 17 Introduction and Limited Fluctuation Credibility 18 Greatest accuracy Credibility 19 Empitical Bayes Parameter estimation Part Ⅵ Simulation 20 Simulation A An inventory of contimuous distributions B An inventory of discrete distributions C Frequency and Severity relationships D The recursive formula E Discretization of the severity distribution F Numerical optimization and solution of systems of equations References Index