Preface Abbreviations I. The Need for Power and the Grids That Deliver It 1. Les Jeux Sont Faits Leapfrogging and Euthanasia Beyond Decarbonization 2. The Future Is Electric Deconstructing Electricity Growth Long-Term Efficiency Trends Enter Carbon The AI Wild Card Electricity’s Third Act 3. La Vida Local Solar in the City, 2016 Solar in the City, 2050 Local Power versus the Grid, 2050 4. Why We Grid The Case for Big Aggregation and Trading Grids and Geographic Diversity Not Quite Case Closed 5. The Fragmented Future How to Damage a Grid, Part 1: Summon Poseidon Grid Vulnerabilities and the Climate Grid Coping Skills The Microgrid Revolution How to Damage a Grid, Part 2: Hire a Hacker New Architectural Paradigms The Fragmented Future II. The Grid and Its Challenges 6. Decarbonizing the Big Grid The Old Design Paradigm The New Paradigm The Clean Power Toolkit From Lab Bench to Toolkit From Toolkit to Reality 7. Not in My Backyard-State-Region Planning the No-Carbon Future Not in My Backyard Searching for Supergrids The Future of Grid Expansion 8. The Big Grid Bucks Stop Here A Power Plant’s Early Retirement Package Power Markets and Plant Financing in a Carbon-Free Future Pros, Cons, and Trade-Offs in Long-Term Markets Fixing the Long-Term Markets The Big Grid’s Future III. Running and Regulating Post-Carbon Utilities 9. The New Utility Business in Three Dimensions The Business Model Rainbow Public Power and Cooperatives New Products and Horizons Toward Customer Love 10. The Really Smart Grid The Prosumer ESCO Marketplace Market Optimum and Public Interest Grid Pricing and “Optimizing” the System Retail Choice’s Next Act Machine over Market 11. Governing a Really Smart Grid Setting Regulation’s Goals Pricing Grid Services The Problem of Fixed Costs Planning and Building the Distribution System Of Elegance and Complexity 12. The Business and Regulation of Energy Service Utilities The Case for ESUs Changing Utilities’ Cultural Stripes Regulating an ESU Cross-Subsidies and the Space for Political Bargains 13. Forces and Fault Lines beyond the Industry Big Tech and Monopoly Power Privacy and the Smart Grid Energy Democracy Political Fault Lines 14. Money Talks Wall Street and New Business Models 15. Power without Carbon Appendix A: Summary of Policy Recommendations Appendix B: The Challenges to Energy Spot Markets with Increased Wind and Solar Generation Appendix C: Source Notes for Figure 2-2 Appendix D: Supplement to Table 6-1 Notes References Acknowledgments Index