보고서
Saving electricity in a hurry
- 발행사항
- Paris OECD/IEA 2005
- 형태사항
- 127 p ill 23 cm
목차
Table of contents:
Executive Summary
1. Who Needs This Book and When?
-What Kinds of Shortfalls are Covered in this Book?
-Developing Countries and Saving Energy in a Hurry
-Security Applications of Saving Energy in a Hurry
2. Vignettes of Power Shortfalls
-Introduction to the Vignettes
-A Transformer Fire in Arizona
-Drought in Brazil
-California's "Perfect Storm"
-Europe's Hot Summer
-New Zealand's Three Electricity Crises
-Norway's Drought and Early, Cold Winter
-Ontario Recovers from a Blackout
-A Flood-Damaged Power Plant at Presque Isle
-A Cold Monday in Sweden
-Nuclear Plants Shut Down in Tokyo
-Vignettes Conclusions
3. A Strategy to Save Electricity Quickly
-Identify the Kind of Electricity Shortfall
-Estimate the Probable Duration of the Shortfall
-Establish a Breakdown of Energy Consumption by End-Use During the Shortfall Period
-Can Electricity Prices Rise Quickly and for Whom?
-Develop a Ranked List of Measures
-The Next Steps
-The Final Step: The End of the Shortfall
-Saving Electricity Slowly
-Summary of Strategies
4. Measures to Save Electricity Quickly
-Operational Changes: "Switch it Off!"
-Operational Changes to Save Electricity in the Residential Sector
-Operational Changes in Commercial Buildings
-Operational Changes in Industry and Other Sectors
-Technical Fixes
-Retrofits to Existing Equipment
-Energy-Saving Traffic Signals
-Fuel Switching
-Daylight Savings Time
-Folklore "Conservation" Measures that Don't Save Much
5. Mobilising Consumers to Save Electricity
-Introduction
-The Key Role of Mass Media
-Three Media Campaigns in Brazil, New Zealand, and California
-Explaining the Electricity Shortfall to Consumers
-Linking Consumer Actions to Solving the Shortfall
-When Consumers Take Actions
-Mass Media Campaigns Have an Impact, But It is Hard to Measure
-Real-Time Information about System Status
-After the Shortage Ends: the Transition to Normalcy
-The Next Shortage
-Many Levels of Impact Evaluation
-Conclusions on Mobilising
6. Higher Electricity Prices as a Tool to Reduce Demand Quickly
-Summary of Electricity Price Changes during Shortfall
-Is Demand Response Sufficient during a Major Shortfall?
-Prices Based on Long-Term Contracts
-Conclusions
7. Conclusions
-Looking Back
-Loose Ends
-Summing Up