보고서(전자자료)
Charting the Uncharted: The (Un)Intended Consequences of Oil Sanctions and Dark Shipping
- 카테고리
- 국외자료
- 단체저자
- NBER
- 발행기관
- NBER
- 발행년월
- 2025.03
- 페이지수
- 83p
- URL
요약
We examine the rise of dark shipping – oil tankers disabling AIS transceivers to evade detection – amid Western sanctions on Iran, Syria, North Korea, Venezuela, and Russia. Using a machine learning-based ship clustering model, we track dark-shipped crude oil trade flows worldwide and detect unauthorized ship-to-ship transfers. From 2017 to 2023, dark ships transported an estimated 7.8 million metric tons of crude oil monthly – 43% of global seaborne crude exports – with China absorbing 15%.