With many US regions trying to meet aggressive electric power sector decarbonization goals, utilities and policymakers have renewed interest in time-based electricity rates as a tool to manage peak demand, encourage energy conservation, and shift consumption patterns. We conduct a rigorous meta-analysis of the literature on US residential time-based rates. We focus on the impacts on peak demand and on-peak usage. By reviewing the diverse utility experiences, we identify key factors influencing rate design effectiveness and provide insight into enrollment and demand response heterogeneity. We also highlight gaps in research and discuss areas where additional exploration could improve rate design policies.