Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the energy sector are increasing despite ongoing global efforts to mitigate them. In 2023, energy-related CO2 emissions reached a record high of 37.4 billion metric tons, a 1.3 per cent increase from the previous year. This rise highlights the imperative of energy transition, from polluting fossil fuels to the widespread adoption of clean energy technologies within the energy mix. Among these technologies, batteries and battery storage systems with improved or new battery chemistries will play a crucial role in the energy transition.