The period beyond the mid-2030s is when the Arctic regions could possibly start to provide a greater share of global supplies of critical minerals. The speed at which this takes place will depend on factors such as the rate of growth of demand for different critical minerals, the economic competitiveness of critical mineral supplies from Arctic regions compared with those from the rest of the world, and the scale of government and societal support. The exact locations of the mines will vary between minerals, but Russia and Canada are likely to feature strongly for several minerals on account of their geographic size. Other countries may become regionally important suppliers for specific minerals, for example Greenland and Sweden for rare earths. Sub-sea exploitation is likely to have started as well.